ARTICLES

Browse recent articles, essays, and book reviews by Hoover History Lab fellows.

See also Books, Commentary, and Policy Briefs from the Hoover History Lab.


Xi Jinping’s Russian Lessons: What the Chinese Leader’s Father Taught Him About Dealing with Moscow

By Joseph Torigian via Foreign Affairs
June 24, 2024

On February 4, 2022, just before invading Ukraine, Russian President Vladimir Putin traveled to Beijing, where he and Chinese leader Xi Jinping signed a document that hailed a “no limits” partnership….

The Five Futures of Russia, And How America Can Prepare for Whatever Comes Next

By Stephen Kotkin via Foreign Affairs
April 18, 2024

Vladimir Putin happened to turn 71 last October 7, the day Hamas assaulted Israel. The Russian president took the rampage as a birthday present; it shifted the context around his aggression in Ukraine. Perhaps to show his appreciation, he had his Foreign Ministry invite high-ranking Hamas representatives to Moscow in late October, highlighting an alignment of interests. Several weeks later, Putin announced….

Jewish Roots in the Land of Israel/Palestine

By: Barry Strauss
February 6, 2024

The Jewish people have a very ancient history in the land known both as Palestine and the Land of Israel. The Jewish claim to indigeneity is based on a three-thousand-year-old continuous history and the status of the land since ancient times as the focus of Jewish life and yearning. While not denying Arab claims on the land, it must be recognized that in Israel, the Jews are not settler colonists.

Moneyball Military: An Affordable, Achievable, And Capable Alternative to Deter China

By Christian Brose
September 26, 2023

The US defense enterprise must remake itself to bolster deterrence with China. Instead of investing in small numbers of large, expensive, heavily manned military platforms, the United States must rapidly field large numbers of smaller, lower-cost, autonomous systems. This alternative force will not emerge from the Pentagon’s antiquated, central planning process.

COMMENTARY

Our Commentary section below includes recent short-form writings by Hoover History Lab authors published either by us or in the media.


Washington’s New World War I Memorial Is defiantly Traditional

By Michael R. Auslin via the Wall Street Journal
September 12, 2024

The capital’s monuments to the Vietnam War and World War II were criticized as depressing and ungainly, but a 58-foot-long sculpture by artist Sabin Howard tells a classic story of heroism.

“My Ukrainian Village Is No More”

By Paul R. Gregory
September 11, 2024 

Survivors confirm that the Russian offensive is following a familiar path of destruction and massacre.

Expertise and hard work is being thrown away because of Labour's decision to kick out hereditary peers from the Lords

By Andrew Roberts, via the Daily Mail
September 9, 2024

As the Government introduces its bill to expel the 92 hereditary peers from the House of Lords, we should be appalled at the way an efficient and elegant part of the British ­Constitution is being sacrificed on the altar of Labour hypocrisy, party advantage and class prejudice….

No, Churchill was not the Villain

Andrew Roberts via the Washington Free Beacon
September 6, 2024

The historian Darryl Cooper has argued in an interview on Tucker Carlson's show that Winston Churchill "was the chief villain of World War II," which would be both interesting and indeed shocking were his thesis not based on such staggering ignorance and disregard for historical fact that it is safe to disregard completely.

The Arms of August

By Barry Strauss
August 28, 2024

There are moments in history when not just armies but opposing political philosophies meet on the battlefield. The last week of August, 480 BC, was one of those rare moments. It was then, at two battle sites about 40 miles apart, that three countries and three societal visions clashed. 

Washington Treasures I:  The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon

By Michael R. Auslin via the Patowmack Packet
August 25, 2024

The political pyrotechnics in Washington this summer have been so blinding as to blot out everything else happening in the National Capital.

How Likely Is a Gaza Cease-Fire and a Saudi Mega Deal?

Interview with Bill Whalen, Cole Bunzel, via Matters of Policy & Politics
August 16, 2024

The world is bracing for further violence in the Middle East, fearing the conflict will escalate into a regional war.

Presidential Agonistes, Half a Century Apart

By Michael R Auslin, via RealClear Politics
August 6, 2024

A broiling summer in the national capital, a president in crisis, and the final blows being delivered by the leaders of his own party. What drove Joe Biden from the presidential race is an eerie parallel to what Richard Nixon faced exactly 50 years ago. Both men believed they could survive fatal wounds, yet instead of having the voters decide their fates, both were ultimately done in by their own parties.

Is AI About To Run Out of Data? The History Of Oil Says No

By Niall Ferguson, John-Clark Levin via Time
August 2, 2024

Is the AI bubble about to burst? Every day that the stock prices of semiconductor champion Nvidia and the so-called “Fab Five” tech giants (Microsoft, Apple, Alphabet, Amazon, and Meta) fail to regain their mid-year peaks, more people ask that question.

The Taliban’s Political Theory: ‘Abd al-Hakim al-Haqqani’s Vision for the Islamic Emirate

By Cole Bunzel via the Hudson Institute
July 29, 2024 

Since the Taliban’s August 2021 return to power amid the collapse of the US-backed Afghan government, questions have swirled around the kind of state that the group is building in the second iteration of its Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.

War Is Interested in You

By Cole Bunzel via Hoover Digest
July 10, 2024 

Why American leaders are repeatedly drawn back into the Mideast, the crucible of great-power designs and aspiring hegemons.

John Dunlop: An Appreciation

By Norman M. NaimarkPaul R. GregoryStephen Kotkin
July 10, 2024 

The collection of the late Hoover senior fellow and Russia expert John B. Dunlop is a rich review of the movements and struggles that gave birth to the Putin era. It is also a tribute to an inimitable scholar and colleague.

How The Personalities of Ayn Rand and Milton Friedman Help Us Understand The American Right

Interview with Jennifer Burns, via Forbes
July 10, 2024

Covert, Coercive, Corrupting

By Jonathan Movroydis, interview with Glenn Tiffert
July 10, 2024 

As Beijing attempts to extend its power throughout the world, scholars in the West can stand up to Beijing. Hoover fellow Glenn Tiffert, a historian of modern China, explains how.

Israel and Ukraine Deserve to Win

By Niall Ferguson
July 10, 2024  

Both democracies need our continued help. This is the wrong moment for Americans to become self-absorbed.

A Population Implosion

By Niall Ferguson
July 10, 2024  

Humans once dreamed of populating the universe. Instead, our population is set to begin shrinking right here on Earth.

August 1945: Fallout

By Michael R. Auslin
July 10, 2024 

The moral qualms dramatized in the movie Oppenheimer were central to the discussions about whether to bomb Hiroshima and Nagasaki. A new book illuminates what informed that decision, and what followed it.

The Civic Bargan: How Democracy Survives

By Josiah Ober via PolicyEd
July 2, 2024

The United States faces no shortage of challenges from political polarization to institutional distrust, to economic uncertainty. But through devoted efforts toward civic engagement, civic education, and civic bargaining, American citizens can ensure American democracy survives and thrives.

Endgame 1944’ Review: A Savage Conflict in the East

By Bertrand M. Patenaude
June 2, 2024

A ferocious military campaign put the Red Army within striking distance of Berlin and Stalin in a position to dictate postwar terms.

China is Attractive to Countries That Are Tired of Receiving Lessons from the West

Interview with Glenn Tiffert via Publico
April 28, 2024

(Original interview is in Portuguese). Hoover Institution fellow Glenn Tiffert talks about the Foreign Policy strategy of the People’s Republic of China in the Asia-Pacific region, the Middle East, Europe, and other part of the globe, as well as the impact of the Chinese economic situation on politics internally and under the leadership of Xi Jinping.

Should We Expect A Chinese Invasion Of Taiwan In The Near Future

Interview with Glenn Tiffert via the Lars Larson Show
March 23, 2024

Hoover Institution fellow Glenn Tiffert gives his opinion concerning the possibility that China will invade Taiwan.


Additional Commentary

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BOOKS

Our Books section below includes recent books published by Hoover History Lab authors, whether published by Hoover Institution press or outside publishers.

See also Articles, Commentary, and Policy Briefs from the Hoover History Lab.


New Deal Law and Order:  How the War on Crime Built the Modern Liberal State

By Anthony Gregory
June 11, 2024

A historian traces the origins of the modern law-and-order state to a surprising source: the liberal policies of the New Deal.

The End of Everything: How Wars Descend into Annihilation

By Victor Davis Hanson
May 7, 2024  

A New York Times–bestselling historian charts how and why societies from ancient Greece to the modern era chose to utterly destroy their foes and warns that similar wars of obliteration are possible in our time

Milton Friedman: The Last Conservative

By Jennifer Burns via Farrar, Straus and Giroux
November 14, 2023

The first full biography of America’s most renowned economist.

Conflict:  The Evolution of Warfare from 1945 to Ukraine

By Gen. David Petraeus and Andrew Roberts
October 17, 2023

Two leading authorities—an acclaimed historian and the outstanding battlefield commander and strategist of our time—collaborate on a landmark examination of war since 1945. Conflict is both a sweeping history of the evolution of warfare up to Putin’s invasion of the Ukraine, and a penetrating analysis of what we must learn from the past—and anticipate in the future….

Civic Bargain:  How Democracy Survives

By Josiah Ober
September 19, 2023

A powerful case for democracy and how it can adapt and survive—if we want it to.

Bread + Medicine: American Famine Relief in Soviet Russia, 1921–1923

By Bertrand M. Patenaude, Joan Nabseth Stevenson via Hoover Institution Press

June 1, 2023

Recounts how medical intervention, including a large-scale vaccination drive, by the American Relief Administration saved millions of lives in Soviet Russia during the famine of 1921–23

Wahhābism: The History of a Militant Islamic Movement

By Cole Bunzel
May 16, 2023 

An essential history of Wahhābism from its founding to the Islamic State.

Lessons from the Covid War: An Investigative Report

By Philip Zelikow, Covid Crisis Group
April 25, 2023 

This powerful report on what went wrong—and right—with America’s Covid response, from a team of 34 experts, shows how Americans faced the worst peacetime catastrophe of modern times.

The Greeks and the Rational: The Discovery of Practical Reason

By Josiah Ober
November 29, 2022  

Tracing practical reason from its origins to its modern and contemporary permutations

China After Mao: The Rise of a Superpower

By Frank Dikötter
November 15, 2022  

From internationally renowned historian Frank Dikötter, winner of the Samuel Johnson Prize, a myth­-shattering history of China from the death of Chairman Mao to Xi Jinping.

The Last King of America: The Misunderstood Reign of George III

By Andrew Roberts via Viking
November 9, 2021

The last king of America, George III, has been ridiculed as a complete disaster who frittered away the colonies and went mad in his old age. The truth is much more nuanced and fascinating--and will completely change the way readers and historians view his reign and legacy.

The Dying Citizen: How Progressive Elites, Tribalism, and Globalization Are Destroying the Idea of America

By Victor Davis Hanson
September 2, 2021  

The New York Times bestselling author of The Case for Trump explains the decline and fall of the once cherished idea of American citizenship.

Doom:  The Politics of Catastrophe

By Niall Ferguson
May 4, 2021  

Doom is the lesson of history that this country--indeed the West as a whole--urgently needs to learn, if we want to handle the next crisis better, and to avoid the ultimate doom of irreversible decline.

Asia’s New Geopolitics

By Michael R. Auslin
March 23, 2020

As Asia rises, geopolitical competition once again threatens its future. China’s aggressiveness, Sino-Japanese rivalry, regional territorial disputes, and North Korea’s nuclear weapons are shaping the Indo-Pacific and the world.

How to Be a Dictator: The Cult of Personality in the Twentieth Century

By Frank Dikötter
November 20, 2019 

No dictator can rule through fear and violence alone. Naked power can be grabbed and held temporarily, but it never suffices in the long term. In the twentieth century, as new technologies allowed leaders to place their image and voice directly into their citizens' homes, a new phenomenon appeared where dictators exploited the cult of personality to achieve the illusion of popular approval without ever having to resort to elections.

Leadership in War: Essential Lessons from Those Who Made History

By Andrew Roberts
Tuesday, October 29, 2019

A comparison of nine leaders who led their nations through the greatest wars the world has ever seen and whose unique strengths--and weaknesses--shaped the course of human history, from the bestselling, award-winning author of Churchill and Napoleon.

Stalin and the Fate of Europe: The Postwar Struggle for Sovereignty

By Norman M. Naimark
October 8, 2019 

The Cold War division of Europe was not inevitable―the acclaimed author of Stalin’s Genocides shows how postwar Europeans fought to determine their own destinies. Was the division of Europe after World War II inevitable? In this powerful reassessment of the postwar order in Europe, Norman Naimark suggests that Joseph Stalin was far more open to a settlement on the continent than we have thought. Through revealing case studies from Poland and Yugoslavia to Denmark and Albania, Naimark recasts the early Cold War by focusing on Europeans’ fight to determine their future.

To Build a Better World

By Condoleezza RicePhilip Zelikow
October 2, 2019  

Two of America's leading scholar-diplomats, Philip Zelikow and Condoleezza Rice, have combed sources in several languages, interviewed leading figures, and drawn on their own firsthand experience to bring to life the choices that molded the contemporary world. Zeroing in on the key moments of decision, the might-have-beens, and the human beings working through them, they explore both what happened and what could have happened, to show how one world ended and another took form. Beginning in the late 1970s and carrying into the present, they focus on the momentous period between 1988 and 1992, when an entire world system changed, states broke apart, and societies were transformed. Such periods have always been accompanied by terrible wars-but not this time.

The Ascent of Money: A Financial History of the World

By: Niall Ferguson
September 17, 2019

Bread, cash, dosh, dough, loot. Call it what you like, it matters now more than ever. In The Ascent of Money, Niall Ferguson shows that finance is the foundation of all human progress and the lifeblood of history. From the cash injection that funded the Italian Renaissance to the stock market bubble that sparked the French Revolution, from the bonds that fuelled Britain's war effort to the Wall Street Crash and today's meltdown, this is the story of boom and bust as it's never been told before. Whether you're scraping by or rolling in it, there's no better time to understand the ascent of money.

Defining Moments

By Bertrand M. Patenaude
August 15, 2019 

A century ago, amid the devastation of World War I, Herbert Hoover established a collection of library and archival materials at Stanford University devoted to the causes and consequences of war. Founded as the Hoover War Collection in 1919, the institution has evolved into one of the world’s premier research centers devoted to the advanced study of politics, economics, and international affairs.

Churchill: Walking with Destiny

By Andrew Roberts
July 25, 2019  

In this landmark biography of Winston Churchill based on extensive new material, the true genius of the man, statesman and leader can finally be fully seen and understood--by the bestselling, award-winning author of Napoleon and The Storm of War. 

Stalin: Waiting for Hitler, 1929-1941

By Stephen Kotkin
October 31, 2017  

In 1929, Joseph Stalin, having already achieved dictatorial power over the vast Soviet Empire, formally ordered the systematic conversion of the world’s largest peasant economy into “socialist modernity,” otherwise known as collectivization, regardless of the cost.

Stalin: Volume I: Paradoxes of Power, 1878-1928

By: Stephen Kotkin
November 6, 2014  

A magnificent new biography that revolutionizes our understanding of Stalin and his world.

Women of the Gulag: Portraits of Five Remarkable Lives

By Paul R. Gregory
August 14, 2013

During the course of three decades, Joseph Stalin's Gulag, a vast network of forced labor camps and settlements, held many millions of prisoners. People in every corner of the Soviet Union lived in daily terror of imprisonment and execution.

POLICY BRIEFS

Here we feature the recent works of Hoover History Lab authors that feature specific policy recommendations.

See also Books, Articles, and Commentary from the Hoover History Lab.


On Day One

By Hugo BromleyEyck Freymann
Monday, June 24, 2024  

The United States lacks an economic contingency plan for conflict with China. Hard decoupling through sanctions is not viable. Instead, the United States should prepare a “Day One” plan based on economic leadership and recovery. By harnessing incentives and market forces, Washington and core US allies can trigger avalanche decoupling in trade while working with the interests of third states and preserving dollar hegemony and the rules-based trading system.

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